{"id":1027,"date":"2026-02-04T19:18:13","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T11:18:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/?p=1027"},"modified":"2026-02-04T19:20:15","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T11:20:15","slug":"byshard-sharding-in-a-byzantine-environment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/?p=1027","title":{"rendered":"ByShard: Sharding in a Byzantine Environment"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f80\u5f80\u9009\u62e9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5168\u91cf\u590d\u5236\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u5b58\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u636e\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6bcf\u7b14\u4ea4\u6613\u5168\u7f51\u5171\u8bc6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u60e8\u4e0d\u5fcd\u7779<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6216\u4ea4\u6613\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0a\u6765\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f4\u63a5\u201c\u5361\u6b7b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e2\u80fd\u5206\u7247\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u6297\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ea7\u4e8b\u52a1\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ByShard<\/strong>\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e14\u5de5\u7a0b\u53ef\u843d\u5730\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"743\" height=\"607\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-3.png\"  class=\"wp-image-1031\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-3.png 743w, https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-3-300x245.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 743px) 100vw, 743px\" title=\"ByShard: Sharding in a Byzantine Environment\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"ByShard: Sharding in a Byzantine Environment\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u96be\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u8de8\u5206\u7247\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6613\u201c\u4ece A \u8f6c 100 \u7ed9 B\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A \u5728 shard1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B \u5728 shard2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u8fd9\u7b14\u4ea4\u6613\u5fc5\u987b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001 \u4e24\u4e2a shard \u90fd\u6210\u529f<br>2\u3001\u8981\u4e48\u4e00\u8d77 commit\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u4e00\u8d77 abort<br>3\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u300c\u6263\u4e86A\u94b1\u4f46B\u6ca1\u5230\u8d26\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3\uff1a<strong>\u539f\u5b50\u6027 + \u4e00\u81f4\u6027 + \u9694\u79bb\u6027\uff08ACID\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u5728 <strong>\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u73af\u5883\uff08\u6076\u610f\u8282\u70b9\/\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\/\u5d29\u6e83\uff09<\/strong> \u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u7528 2PC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fe1\u4efb\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e2a shard<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e2d\u5fc3\u534f\u8c03<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5931\u6548<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001Orchestrate-Execute Model\uff08OEM\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u628a\u8de8\u5206\u7247\u4e8b\u52a1\u62c6\u6210\u4e24\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<br>Orchestrate\u5168\u5c40\u8fbe\u6210 commit\/abort \u5171\u8bc6<br>Execute \u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a shard \u6700\u591a\u53ea\u9700 2 \u6b21\u5171\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001Byzantine \u7248 Two-Phase Locking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Two-Phase Locking\uff082PL\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u4e86\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u7cfb\u7edf\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1aSerializable\u3001Read Committed\u3001Read Uncommitted<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u591a\u7ea7\u9694\u79bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u5c11\u89c1\u7684\u300c\u771f\u6b63\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ea7\u4e8b\u52a1\u8bed\u4e49\u300d\u7684\u533a\u5757\u94fe\/\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8d26\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u652f\u6301 UTXO \u90a3\u79cd\u7b80\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6548\u679c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"492\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2-1024x492.png\"  class=\"wp-image-1030\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2-1024x492.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2-768x369.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-2.png 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"ByShard: Sharding in a Byzantine Environment\u63d2\u56fe1\" alt=\"ByShard: Sharding in a Byzantine Environment\u63d2\u56fe1\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"337\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-1-1024x337.png\"  class=\"wp-image-1029\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-1-1024x337.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-1-300x99.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-1-768x253.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/image-1.png 1321w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"ByShard: Sharding in a Byzantine Environment\u63d2\u56fe2\" alt=\"ByShard: Sharding in a Byzantine Environment\u63d2\u56fe2\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\uff1a\u4f4e\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u6240\u6709\u534f\u8bae\u90fd\u6709 excellent throughput<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>    2. \u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\uff1a\u589e\u52a0 shard \u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a shard \u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>    3. \u53ef\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u8861\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae\u5728\uff1alatency\u3001isolation\u3001abort rate\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210 trade-off<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f80\u5f80\u9009\u62e9\uff1a \u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u60e8\u4e0d\u5fcd\u7779 \u4e00\u65e6\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6216\u4ea4\u6613\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0a\u6765\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f4\u63a5\u201c\u5361\u6b7b\u201d\u3002 \u90a3\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a \u65e2\u80fd\u5206\u7247\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u6297\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ea7\u4e8b\u52a1\uff1f ByShard\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e14\u5de5\u7a0b\u53ef\u843d\u5730\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790 \u771f\u6b63\u7684\u96be\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u8de8\u5206\u7247\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6613\u201c\u4ece A \u8f6c 100 \u7ed9 B\u201c \u5982\u679c\uff1a \u90a3\u8fd9\u7b14\u4ea4\u6613\u5fc5\u987b\uff1a 1\u3001 \u4e24\u4e2a shard \u90fd\u6210\u529f2\u3001\u8981\u4e48\u4e00\u8d77 commit\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u4e00\u8d77 abort3\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u300c\u6263\u4e86A\u94b1\u4f46B\u6ca1\u5230\u8d26\u300d \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u6027 + &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/?p=1027\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1031,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blockchain"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1027","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1027"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1027\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1034,"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1027\/revisions\/1034"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1031"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ndnlab.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}